Listing 1. Specify JDBC properties—as well as the mapping file—in the configuration file (hibernate.cfg.xml) instead of the properties file.

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
  "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/
  hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>

<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">
  oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver</property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.url">
    jdbc:oracle:thin:@<host>:1521:<database></property>
  <property name="hibernate.dialect">
    org.hibernate.dialect.OracleDialect</property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.username">
    oe</property>
  <property name="hibernate.connection.password">
    aarbor</property>

<mapping file="Catalog.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>